Wednesday, March 8, 2017

Life on Rancho in 1848 (by William)

To Ethan in New York

March 7, 1848

Dear Ethan,

How are you?  I am good.  Life on a rancho is hard but fun.  I either spend my day with dad lassoing cattle that belongs to our ranch, or with mom planting, picking vegetables, and cooking. 


Dad and I are taking care of a lot of cattle.  There is no fence so they wander all over our rancho.  We hired a few vaqueros to help bring back cattle that have wandered too far and count them.

My mom plants mainly vegetables like tomatoes, corn, and lettuce. She also plants wheat.  She loves to plant and see daisies, roses, petunias, poppies, and zinnias grow.  I help her by picking and bringing vegetables, wheat, and flowers home.  I also plant seeds to help her.



Guess what?  Dad finally bought me my very own horse.  It is brown so I named it Coffee.  I need to get up every morning bright and early to brush and feed Coffee.  Now at least I don’t need to sit on the same horse as dad.  When Coffee does the thing all horses do, I scoop the poop up and put it in mom’s garden.  Still it is good to feel the wind whizzing around when we break into a full gallop.

When I help dad, it is hard to use a lasso to catch a cow.  When I help mom, I have to go back and forth picking and bringing stuff to our house, but looking at flowers always softens my heart.  I have to brush, feed, and pick up Coffee’s droppings, but on the other hand, it’s always nice to take him out for a ride.  As you can see, Ethan, life on the rancho is hard but fun. 

Sincerely,


William

Sunday, February 19, 2017

Mission San Gabriel Arcángel (by William)

Introduction

There are 21 Spanish missions along the coast of California that were built between 1769 and 1823. The missions started when the King of Spain sent four expeditions to Alta California. The missions helped the king claim land.


Founding and Location

Mission San Gabriel Arcángel is the 4th of the 21 missions. It is located 9 miles east of central Los Angeles. It was founded on September 8th, 1771. The site was earlier chosen by Father Serra, and Fathers Cambon and Somera were the founders.

One fateful day, Fathers Cambon and Somera fell terribly ill. They were not able to continue their work so Fathers Paterna and Crusado took over. They finished building the mission and they grew Mission San Gabriel Arcángel into one of the best. Mission San Gabriel Arcángel had an aqueduct connected to Wilson Lake. The water was used for watering the mission’s fruit trees and crops. There were free roaming cattle. Their candles and soap supplied many missions and they produced lots of wine. Mission San Gabriel Arcángel became the “Queen of the Missions” during its peak time.

Things People Grew and Made at the Mission

The mission people needed food to survive. As a result, they raised livestock and planted fruit trees and crops. Some examples of what they grew were cows, chickens, pigs, corn, and grapes. The women were taught how to make tortillas and tacos out of beef and corn flour.

The mission people also learned how to make lots of things from candles to wine. Men made metal products such as nails and horseshoes. They also made leather out of cow hides, furniture, and candles. The women weaved blankets and made clothes.

Conflict with Indians

Some of the Indians resisted mission life. Some of them lost trust for Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. This is because a soldier assaulted the wife of a Tongva chief. The chief was angered. He gathered some men and tried to kill the soldier but had himself beheaded. After that, many Indians came to ask for the head of their chief. Later, many Indians revolted and been punished. In addition to that, the Indians were whipped, imprisoned, and weakened by disease that their bodies couldn’t fight off such as cholera, dysentery, and smallpox. At Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, about 6,000 Indians were buried due to disease.

History and Present Day Use

Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was used to claim land for Spain and teach Indians Christianity. In the early 1800s, secularization hit all missions hard. The Mexican government turned the missions into pueblos. Many Indians were freed and most of the land was taken by the settlers. After California became a state of the U.S.A., President Buchanan returned the missions to the Catholic Church.

Visiting the Mission

My family and I went to visit Mission San Gabriel Arcángel on February 12th, 2017. The tour around the mission was peaceful and quiet.

We learned that the mission had its water from nearby Wilson Lake which is Lacy Park in San Marino today. The process of making wine starts from picking fresh grapes from the grapevine, then the grape juice was squeezed out and stored into barrels underground. Making olive oil had a similar process. Candles were made by tallow. A person would hang ropes from a wheel above a large pot filled with tallow. He or she would carefully pour melted tallow on the ropes. The more tallow that was poured on the ropes, the fatter the candles would become. They would repeat this process until candles grew into the size that they wanted them to be.

Conclusion

The missions are a very important part of California’s history. They brought in agriculture and manufacture skills to many different parts of Alta California. The missions are where the Indian population nearly got wiped out and where neophytes’ lives got changed forever.

Mission San Gabriel Arcángel taught me a lot about the start of my own hometown in San Gabriel Valley. At mission times, life was not easy. You would have to work harder than nowadays and the work was truly challenging. I felt sorry for all the Indians who died of diseases, and compassionate for the priests who taught Christianity to many Indians. We should be thankful of the convenience we have today.

Bibliography

Boulé, Mary.  The Missions: California’s Heritage Mission San Gabriel Arcángel.  Merryant Publishers Inc., 1988.
Krell, Dorothy, et al.  The California Missions.  Sunset Books, 1979.
MacMillan, Diane. Los Angeles Area Missions. Lerner Publications Company, 2008.
McGinty, Alice.  The Missions of California Mission San Gabriel Arcángel.  PowerKids Press, 2000.
Lyngheim, Linda. The Indians and the California Missions.  Langtry Publications, 1990.


Visiting Norman Oklahoma (by William)

For our winter vacation, we went to Norman, Oklahoma because my mom and dad first locked glances there.  They were both in OU when they started having a crush on each other.  Also, Norman was the place where my mom and dad got married. 

My deepest memories at OU were mom’s old apartment on the campus.  Dad’s apartment had already been torn down.  Well that is too bad and sad.  We also went to the very big, fancy, and beautiful Student Union building where I took a lot of pictures for them and also played the piano.  The union had flowers, many rooms, sculptures, historical photos, and a big food court.  From outside, the building looked old fashioned (built with red bricks) with a clock tower.  Other deep memories include the bookstore full of very good souvenirs, clothes, and books.  Finally, the fancy library--I found my mom’s dissertation there.  It was a very good experience to go there.  


OU Campus

I also made new friends in Norman.  Ethan, who was not too new to me since we have been blogging together, and our moms knew each other since they went to OU.  Ethan is 3 months older than me and can do many many things well.  Violin, canoeing, fencing, boxing, and knows a lot about the states and countries around the world.  He made me laugh after we got back to their house from visiting OU.  Ethan said that all he did were long, hard chores while we had all the fun at OU.

Ethan's Boat

I befriended Ryan first when going to his house to practice piano because he plays the piano too.  He is 9 now.  He is tall and very sweet looking.  He does hockey and piano wonderfully.  He also has a dog named Fetcher and Ryan loves him.

Andrew and Daniel are brothers.  Andrew is 9 and Daniel is 7.  They are really hot in sports.  They made me laugh by saying lets burn all our fat.

Drinking Water Competition

I really liked my new friends and hope that I can visit them again.


Monday, January 16, 2017

The Lost Coins (By Ethan Li) A Sequel to A Wrinkle in Time

  Meg sat on her bed. It was late and she was trying to sleep after a very hard day at school. She had been sent to the office 2 times already for not finishing her work. As she tried to doze off, she heard a hurried knocking on the door. Opening it, she saw Charles Wallace and Calvin O’Keeffe standing there.

 “Hi!” said Charles, “How’s the night going?”

 “I feel rotten.” said Meg weakly. “I got sent to Mr. Jenkins’s twice and I can’t sleep even though it’s 10:30 now. I have a feeling that tomorrow won’t be much better either.” she concluded. “Come on, Meggie,” Calvin yipped. “We have another adventure to do!”

  “Really?!” yelled Meg, so loud that her glasses fell off onto her bed. She put them back on and said: “What is the reason for this?”

  “When we saved your Dad from Camazotz, he left behind some golden coins for the research in Camazoz, which was then later stolen by the extremely greedy emperor of the planet TXR-0112. They are hidden in his palace. We need to uncover them and give them back to your Dad.” Calvin explained.

  “When?”
  “Right now!”
  “And fast!”

 Three minutes later they were outside. “YOO-HOO!” Charles called. Suddenly, like fog, Mrs. Whatsit, Mrs. Who and Mrs. Which materialized out of thin air. “Hi, again.” said Mrs. Whatsit, “I hope you guys are ready. We will be off now.”

  Before she could move a muscle or say anything, Meg was whirled into the familiar nothingness of tessering. It was very dark and she couldn’t see, hear, smell, touch or taste anything. If both (if any) of the boys were holding her hands she could not feel it. If her own body was still present, she couldn’t feel it either. When she felt the tingling sensation again, she blinked and tried to see where they were.

  “Meg?!” “Meg!”
  “Charles Wallace!” Med heard Calvin screaming at the top of his lungs.

  Then there came the thrust through glass and she could see clearly.

  “Oh, there you are!” exclaimed Calvin delightedly.

  “Wee aarre herre! Wellcome too TXR-0112,” Mrs. Which said.

  Meg opened her eyes and saw that they were on a land of hills, plateaus, mountains and vast deserts. But the mountains were all red. Shades and shades of red, from light pink to dark brick red and rust brown.  There were many big plains with blue, purple and green grass. The deserts were golden, yellow, red and orange, so were the plateaus. The hills were a dark, earthy purple and blue. There were also many trees, but they were all brown, black and gray. Mauve rocks dotted the hills. The sun was also gray, but its light was not very different from our Earth’s sun.

  When Meg calmed herself down from the shocking view, she asked: “Ok, where are the coins?”
  “Aat thhee empprrer’s ppalacee.” said Mrs. Which.
  “Where?” inquired Charles Wallace.
  “Over there.” pointed Mrs. Whatsit.

  The palace was very old, but it was still massive. It rested on a huge brick red mountain and was made of stone, glass, ivory, gold, silver, brick and metal and some other materials that are hard to describe. They also saw marble, wood and copper making up the grand palace. And, for some weird reason, frozen alien dribble made up the windowsills and frames. The brick was white and the marble a bright magenta. Of course there were guards. They were glow-in-the-dark from head to toe with pink and blue jellyfish-like tentacles for arms and legs.

  “Huh” said Mrs. Who for the first time. “I wonder how we get in there. They have the best security system on TXR-0112.” “They have highly-trained guards and video cameras of every room and vaults that have 5-ton steel doors and a combination code for the vaults that only the emperor and his wife know. They also have heat and motion sensors and detectors.” 

  “I know everything about this palace. I was once a good friend of the emperor. And I have a map.” Mrs. Whatsit said with a smile, pulling out a large map of every room in the palace. Mrs. Whatsit then added: “This is my plan.  But, first, put these on. They will make you invisible to the guards and the sensors and the detectors. Do make sure the zipper is zipped up completely. Otherwise they will see you.”  She passed to each of them a long and very soft yet leathery coat.

  “Oh, come on and let’s go!” cried Calvin excitedly. So, they hurried inside. But unfortunately, Meg’s coat zipper was not zipped up and the coat flew out behind her. One of the guards saw her and said “Catch her, catch her! Hey, Oddblurby! Get a rake and shoo off this young intruder!”

  “Right away,Mr. Slime!” answered Oddblurby.  He came back with a rake that blew out huge gusts of cold air. The two guards then chased Meg out of the palace. She was very shocked and saddened. But she quickly zipped her zipper up and ran back inside leaving the two jellyfish guards scratching their pink heads.

  She caught up with the others and said softly “I was just spotted by 2 guards and they chased me out with a rake. Thank goodness I’m unharmed, though.”

  “That’s very good, Meg. Now we have to go to vault EI-271. It’s where the treasure lies. The combination is 10, 200, 1,000.” said Mrs. Who. “But,” she continued, “The door there is even heavier. All the other doors are 5 tons. This one is 10 tons. Hopefully with all our strength we should push it open.”
   “With that being said, let’s go!”

  Therefore they continued their journey. Mrs. Whatsit held up the map and kept whispering directions to the others until they reached vault EI-271. The door was square, but a very wonky one. Charles Wallace turned the dial and spelled out the combination: 10, 200, 1,000. The door unlocked but it did not swing open. Then Meg, Charles, Calvin and the three Mrs.’s started shoving! They shoved and shoved until they were worn out. But the vault door was so heavy, it had only creaked open half a foot wide.

  “Uh-oh,” panted Calvin “What do we do now?”

  “Here, I’ll fix it.” said Mrs. Whatsit. She took out a medium sized bottle of some Mr. Boxer’s Extra Strong Fitness Water, which is a potion water that can break open or push heavy objects with ease, and a pipette from her jacket pocket. Then she sucked up the water until it was full (3 mL) and then squired it at the vault door. The water shot toward the door and it burst open. Meg was very surprised to see what was inside, but she managed to stifle a scream.

  There were tons and tons of bags containing gold and silver coins, and gigantic treasure chests holding precious gems, jewels and pearls. They searched all the gold coins until they found the right bag, a leather one that had a picture of a liquid-filled flask stamped into its front, the symbol of Mr. Murry’s lab.

  They went back outside with the coin bag and Mrs. Whatsit squired the door closed. But, trouble came when they got back to the entrance hall.  One of the guards heard the coins jingling in their packs.

  “Oh, no! Robbery again!” he yelled. Mr. Slime then took out a UV light and shone it right at the six people. 

  “Destroy the intruders! Destroy the intruders!” shouted Mr. Slime, “Quick, Dribbles, catch them!”

  But Mrs. Whatsit already had 2 pipettes full of the potion water (that makes 6 mL) armed at her side and fired. The water sailed toward the two terrified guards; before they could turn and run, the water struck them on the chest, sending them hurtling backward and crashing into an old brick wall.

  Everyone quickly filed out of the palace with a phew.

  Meg was very happy, and she leapt about the sand and shouted, “Yay! We have gold! We have gold!” 
  Then she said “I’m dead tired. Let’s tesser back home. “And so we shall!” said Mrs. Whatsit and Mrs. Who at the same time.

  Meg was whirled into nothingness, but this time she did not care.

  When they got back to Earth Calvin said to Mrs. Whatsit “This adventure was fun, I hope you will take us on more.” “I will.” she promised. “But for now, good bye!”

  “Good bye!” the children shouted and waved back and then they were gone.

  Soon the children went to Mr.Murry and showed him the bag and said “Sir, did you lose these?”

  “Why thank you!” Mr. Murry exclaimed “I was worried about the coins, they are essential for the research.”

  He hugged each of them and said “For an award you each get a chemistry set for Christmas and ice cream after dinner tomorrow.”

  Calvin went back to his home and Meg and Charles Wallace, filled with pride, strode into their house.


THE END








Monday, January 2, 2017

The Great Road-trip: Daily Travel Log from Hotel Rooms (by William)

Phoenix Arizona

The landscape from Los Angeles to Phoenix was not majestic.  Majestic to me means big, high, and gorgeous mountains covered with vegetation.  The fruitful valleys below are deep and vast.  Instead, I saw jagged and barren peaks and miles of sand. 

Dad said that there would be countless numbers of saguaro cactus outside of Phoenix but there wasn’t much.  I asked the hotel staff and found out that the saguaros had been relocated because of urban growth, and there will be more near Tucson. 


Saguaro Cactus
Tucson Arizona

On the way from Arizona to New Mexico, we stopped by at Tucson to see the Pima Air and Space Museum.  My favorite plane is the F-18 Blue Angeles Hornets. 

Blue Angel
I learned to fly with a gentleman named Chuck.  He showed me how to make turns and to go down or up.  When Chuck asked me questions, I stuttered “Um…um…” then Chuck would chuckle and answer the questions himself.  Today was one kind of a day!



Las Cruces New Mexico

We left the small town Deming and visited two museums in Las Cruces. 

The Farm and Ranch Heritage Museum raises cows, horses, sheep, and goats.  The goats and sheep kept baaing at me so I kept saying to the sheep “Okay, I am not trying to threaten you.”  At the Nature and Science museum, I learned how reflection and light works.  White light is made up by the rainbow colors.  A color filter only lets its matching light color to go through the filter.  A prism separates colored lights from white.  A convex lens focuses the light and a concave lens spreads out light beams.      


How Light Works

Ruidoso New Mexico

Today we went onto the mountains looming above our hotel in Ruidoso.  My parents enrolled me in a ski class with a few other kids.  Once we started skiing, I instantly remembered the skills I learned in Lake Tahoe and I quickly passes the other kids on stopping, high speeds, and turning.

After lunch I got to show my parents what I learned and had a snowball fight with my dad.  The snowflakes blew on my face like a hundred needles.  My legs hurt when I fell down but I didn’t quit.  At one time, the snow was hitting my face directly, then the wind shifted directions and slapped my right cheek.  It was a great day with snow.


Play in Snowstorm
Carlsbad Texas

Today’s visit to Carlsbad Caverns was amazing!  We went on the King’s Palace tour.  We saw many different cave formations such as cave popcorn, draperies, soda straws, stalactites, and stalagmites.  They are very beautiful and seem magical to me.  The tour guide was very humorous and I laughed at most of his jokes.  There were a few minutes that the tour guide turned off the lights and it was totally pitch dark.  I really liked Carlsbad National Park.


Cave Formation




Sunday, January 1, 2017

Gabrielino, Native Americans of California (by William)

1. Introduction

The Gabrielino was one of the Native American tribes in California.  The called themselves the Tongva, meaning the People of the Earth.  The name Gabrielino was given by the Spaniards after Mission San Gabriel Arcangel.

The Gabrielino lived in the Los Angeles area 200 years ago and their bordering tribes were the Chumash, Tataviam, Serrano, Luiseno, and Ajachmen.

2. Where They Lived

The Gabrielino lived in the Los Angeles county and the northern part of Orange County.  They also lived on the Santa Catalina, San Clemente, San Nicholas, and Santa Barbara Islands.  To the west of where Gabrielino lived lay the Pacific Ocean.  The east of the Gabrielino were the San Gabriel Mountains as shown on the map. 

3. Houses They Built

The Gabrielino built houses to live in.  They used willow trees, tule or fern mats and animal skins as the building materials.  Each hut could hold 50 people.  The houses looked like domes and had the doors facing the ocean to avoid the cold north wind from the mountains.

4. Food They Ate

The Gabrielino ate harbor seals, elephant seals, sea lions, sea otters, rays, sharks, tuna, sword fish, and dolphins.  These were foods hunted by men in the ocean.  The men also hunted inland for deer, foxes, squirrels, rabbits, ducks, geese, and songbirds.  The women did their part for food too.  They gathered berries, cherries, acorns, wild plants, and pinon nuts.

5. Clothes They Wore

The men, women, and children had different clothes.  Men and boys wore breech cloths made of deerskin or bird skin.  Women and girls wore aprons made of deer skins.  They all could wear sandals made from yucca fibers and capes made from deer skins.

6. What They Made

The Gabrielino made lots of crafts for survival.  The women made feathered capes by skinning a bird and leaving the feathers on the bird skin.  Then they would sew them together.  Their crafts also included basket woven very tightly, mortars and pestles for grinding food, and canoes for traveling to different tribes and the islands.

7. How They Lived

The Gabrielino lived in villages.  In each village, there were about 200 people including a chief and a few medicine men.  In the day time, women gathered, men hunted and children played educational games.  After men hunted, they would go into a sweat lodge which was a room filled with steam for relaxing.  The women were responsible for cooking.  The children and the elderly ate first.  That was how the Gabrielino lived.

8. Conclusion

200 years ago, the spot where we live right now might have been an Indian village of the Gabrielino.  I think we should preserve their culture so our kids could learn about it too.  


Thursday, December 22, 2016

The Old Man and The Sea Vs. Call It Courage (By Ethan)



  If you’ve ever read “The Old Man and The Sea” then you should definitely know about Ernest Hemingway. His book made me ever so curious, especially when the old man went out alone to fish and battled for long, hard and sweaty days with a giant, purple marlin in the Gulf Stream near Cuba.

  Then there is Armstrong Sperry who is famous for his novel “Call It Courage”, in which a likewise male (but much, much younger) human figure named Mafatu also sailed out only with his dog, Uri into the ocean to fight and overcome his fear of the ocean. This fascinating story happened near New Zealand in the Pacific Ocean.

  Mafatu later landed on an unknown island and then met the evil eaters-of-men, these didn’t happen to the old man though. While he was trying to survive alone with his dog on the island Mafatu killed a wild boar, a shark and a giant octopus, and when he finally returned home he was no longer The Boy Who Was Afraid.

  The old man wasn’t so lucky. He battled of almost 16 sharks that left him with nothing but giant marlin skeleton. Hmmm, I wonder if he could feed those bones to his dog, if he had one.

  I have found out that the old man and the boy were both very brave and they gave me the feeling that giving up is never their plan and my brain will see in awe that it is certain that any of these two can conquer any challenge and I am dumbfounded by their courage and resistance, mostly because of the boy. If I were stuck in a very hard challenge I would put forth and deal with it!

  While I was working on this essay, Mom happen to be reading a book called “Grit The Power of Passion and Perseverance” by Angela Duckworth. When Mom told me what this book is about, I thought the most common and important characteristic of the old man and Mafatu is after all, grit.